Porto Alegre - Wikipedia. Porto Alegre (local.
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Portuguese pronunciation: . Founded in 1. 76. Manuel Sep. The city is the southernmost capital city of a Brazilian state. The vast majority of the population is of European descent. The city lies on the eastern bank of the Gua. This five- river junction has become an important alluvial port as well as a chief industrial and commercial center of Brazil.
In recent years, Porto Alegre hosted the World Social Forum, an initiative of several non- government organizations. The city became famous for being the first city that implemented participatory budgeting. Since 2. 00. 0, Porto Alegre also hosts one of the world's largest free software events, called FISL. The city was one of the host cities of the 2. FIFA World Cup, having previously been a venue for the 1. FIFA World Cup. History. However, the village started in 1.
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Azorean couples were brought over by the Treaty of Madrid in order to set up Missions at the Northeast Region of Rio Grande do Sul that was handed over to the Portuguese Crown in exchange for the Sacramento Colony located on the margin of the Plata River. Land demarcation took a long time and the Azoreans settled permanently at Porto de Viam. In 1. 82. 4, immigrants from all over the world started arriving, especially German, Italian, Spanish, Polish, Jewish, and Lebanese. This mosaic of diversity in appearance, ethnic origin, religions and languages is what makes Porto Alegre, nowadays with nearly 1.
The city is an example of diversity and plurality. The Farrapos War started with the confrontation in Porto Alegre, near the Azenha bridge on 2. September 1. 83. 5. Albeit terminated, this conflict etched in the pages of history the myth of the gaucho that is until our days praised in songs and celebrated in annual pageants and honored as names of streets and parks. Its development continued over time and the city kept abreast with cultural, political and social events that were taking place within Brazil.
Porto Alegre is the birthplace of great writers, intellectuals, artists, politicians, and episodes that marked the history of Brazil. In 1. 98. 5, the people of Porto Alegre joined the movement for free elections and one of the largest demonstrations took place in the city. Although its origins date from the mid- 1. Azores settled in the area, the city was officially established in 1. It has welcomed immigrants from all over the world, the largest numbers coming from Portugal, Germany, Italy, Spain and Poland. There are also significant Arab and Jewish contingents among its population.
Its previous name was Porto dos Casais (Port of the Couples), and it was initially settled by Azorians. Many families of settlers came from the city of Rio Grande in the littoral Lagunar region, to the south, a military fortress at that time. Today Rio Grande is the most important port of the State of Rio Grande do Sul.
The city is also known as . As the second largest city in southern Brazil, it is an important industrial center in the area. It is also a center for ga. Important Brazilian universities, such as Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Universidade Federal de Ci. In 2. 00. 0, the literacy rate was 9. The city lies on the east bank of the mouth of the Rio Guaiba, the estuary of which forms the enormous freshwater lagoon, Lagoa dos Patos.
It additionally serves as the state capital of Brazil's southernmost state, Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre has a long coastline on the Gua. In the lake, a vast body of water, a maze of islands facing the city creates an archipelago where a unique ecosystem gives shelter to abundant wildlife. The city area concentrates 2.
Rio Grande do Sul, with 9,2. Fauna are also diversified, specially in the islands and hills. The Portoalegrense environs include many parks, squares and wooded streets. Climate. Average precipitation is high and regular throughout the year. Summer temperatures often rise above 3.
Subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild winters. Significant amounts of precipitation occur in all seasons in most areas. Most summer rainfall occurs during thunderstorms and an occasional tropical storm. One reason for that is the highest latitude, which also contributes for the occurrence of 1.
December and 1. 0 hours in June. Usual winter temperatures range from 1. In the coldest days of the year the temperature may fall slightly below zero, like in 2. Spring, stabler akin to summer, is slightly drier than all the other seasons. Occurrence of radiation fog is common, causing several delays in early flights. Unlike other large Brazilian cities much farther north, notably Bras.
Annually Porto Alegre receives an average- total precipitation amount of 1,3. This average makes the city slightly wetter than Rio at 1,1. S. A number of conservation programmes have been established here to protect native trees. Many of the city's avenues have been planted with different tree species. One striking example of this is Teres.
The city is covered in green vegetation and Lapacho and Jacaranda are the main species that can be found here. The trees from the hills are protected. Two environmental conservation areas can be found in this city: . The first city squares date from the second half of the 1. The city has 3. 9 km. This is an average of 1. More than one million trees line the public streets and SMAM plants an average of 3.
The four main parks are: Parque Farroupilha, a 3. Jardim Bot. The city's cycleway is called the Caminho dos Parques, which at over 5 km (3 miles) long links the Moinhos do Vento, Farroupilha and Gua. It was the first municipal reserve in Brazil. The reserve covers 1.
It reopened in April 2. It is the largest municipal water supplier in the country and enjoys operational autonomy and financial independence.
As a separate entity from the municipal government it can make its own decisions on how to invest revenues it has collected, and such decisions are not directly subject to interference from the municipality. It receives no subsidies and makes no payments to the municipality itself. As a municipal undertaking, DMAE enjoys tax- exempt status, which allows it to keep water prices lower. The program will be carried out by the Municipal Department of Management and Strategic Support and will focus on: Improving water quality in Gua. This program will improve the quality of life of the population of Porto Alegre by restoring water quality along the west side of Lake Gua. The city is the second in Brazil, after only S. SMAM (the Municipal Council of the Environment) has encouraged the use of the cleanest fuels and has played a role in monitoring pollution levels.
A partnership between SMAM, the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, the State Environmental Protection Foundation (FEPAM) and Petrobr. By utilizing a Petrobr.
Hybrid buses which run on both diesel and electricity are also being considered for the future. Because Porto Alegre has a ready supply of natural gas, the city's taxi fleet is gradually being converted to it from gasoline. The population of Porto Alegre was 5. Its colonization started in the mid- 1.
Portuguese colonists from the Azores Islands. From 1. 74. 8 to 1.
Azoreans were sent to the region by the King of Portugal to protect Southern Brazil from neighboring invaders. In 1. 77. 5, 5. 5% of Rio Grande do Sul's population was of Azorean Portuguese origin. In 1. 82. 4, the first immigrants from Germany arrived in Porto Alegre, but they were sent to what is now the city of S. From 1. 82. 4 to 1.
Germans arrived in Rio Grande do Sul. The large rural exodus in Brazil in the early 2. German- descendants to Porto Alegre and, nowadays, they compose a large percentage of the population. They started immigrating to Brazil in 1. Northern Italian Veneto region. After some decades, many of them started to migrate to other parts of Rio Grande do Sul, including Porto Alegre. Minority communities of immigrants, such as Central Europeans from Poland.
In 2. 01. 0 the mayor of Porto Alegre is Jos. The Legislature is represented by the City Council. It hosted the first three editions of the World Social Forum in 2. The third edition attracted 2. Participatory budgeting.
The first full participatory budgeting process was developed in the city starting in 1. Participatory budgeting in its most meaningful form took place in the city from 1. One third of the city's residents lived in isolated slums at the city outskirts, lacking access to public amenities (water, sanitation, health care facilities, and schools).
Porto Alegre spent about 2. This money is subject to participatory budgeting, unlike the annual spending on fixed expenses such as debt service and pensions, which is not subject to public participation.
Around fifty thousand residents of Porto Alegre took part at the peak of the participatory budgeting process (compared to 1. Participants are from diverse economic and political backgrounds. The meetings elect delegates to represent specific neighborhoods.
The mayor and staff attend, in order to respond to citizens' concerns. In the following months, delegates meet to review technical project criteria and district needs. At a second regional plenary, regional delegates prioritize the district's demands and elect 4. Municipal Council of the Budget.
The main function of the Municipal Council of the Budget is to reconcile the demands of each district with available resources, and to propose and approve an overall municipal budget. The resulting budget is binding, though the city council can suggest, but not require, changes. Only the Mayor may veto the budget, or remand it back to the Municipal Council of the Budget (this has never happened). For example, sewer and water connections increased from 7. The number of schools quadrupled since 1.